Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis is the narrowing of the spinal canal, often due to degenerative changes, leading to nerve and spinal cord compression.

Symptoms

Neck pain, radiating arm pain, weakness, gait difficulty, spasticity, sphincter and sexual function issues, Lhermitte’s sign (electric shock sensation on neck flexion).

Pain alleviated when sitting, worsened when standing/walking, walking with body bent forward, neurogenic claudication (leg pain/weakness on walking, relieved by rest).

Diagnosis

MRI and CT scans, supported by neurophysiological tests (electromyography, evoked potentials).

Treatment

Conservative treatment for mild cases; surgical decompression for severe cases using anterior, posterior, or combined approaches.

Conservative treatment initially, followed by surgical decompression (laminectomy) and possible vertebral stabilization for severe symptoms.

Stenosis is a narrowing of the spinal canal, so that nerve roots and/or spinal cord are compressed.